What to wear to Cologne Carnival: Cologne sits at 7°C (45°F) by day and 2°C (36°F) at night in February, on city streets, with a high chance of rain. That means thermal layers under a statement outer layer, cushioned trainers or a low boot, and a bag small enough for the gate rules. The crowd leans carnival, costume and parade, so a full costume is the norm rather than the exception.
Women's outfits at Cologne Carnival have to clear the same three hurdles as everyone else's. 7°C (45°F) by day, 2°C (36°F) at night, city streets underfoot, with more options for solving them.
The dominant aesthetics at Cologne Carnival are carnival costume, full costume, parade and party. That is the visual language of the site, the stages, the merch, the crowd photos, and outfits that speak it look intentional rather than borrowed.
This is a costume festival, and that changes the maths: turning up in normal clothes is the conspicuous choice. Budget for one full look rather than three half-hearted ones, and make sure you can walk, dance and queue in it for eight hours.
What people actually wear: a real coat over the outfit, thermals underneath, and boots with grip; something identifiable, a colour, a hat, a flag, so your group can find you in a crowd of that size.